What is the impact of participation?

Benefits and costs of public participation

Benefits of public participation The benefits of participation are often considered to be: Improved…
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What is the impact of participation?

Efficiency and effectiveness of services, projects and programmes

The benefits of participation here tend to be based on findings that conventional, externally driven and exp…
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What is the impact of participation?

Quality and legitimacy of decision-making

Modern decision-making takes place in a complex, constantly changing context that demands different ways of…
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What is the impact of participation?

Citizenship and governance

The participation literature has increasingly focused on the citizenship aspects of participation, particula…
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What is the impact of participation?

Costs of public participation

There is far less literature on the costs of participation than the benefits, although there is material on…
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